What is Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)? Why does it happen?

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a condition that affects the hand and wrist, causing pain, numbness, and tingling sensations. The carpal tunnel is a narrow passageway in the wrist formed by the carpal bone and a ligament called transverse carpal ligament when the space within the carpal tunnel narrows, it can put pressure on the median nerve and leads to symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome.

Causes of carpal tunnel syndrome

1. Repetitive hand and wrist motions
2. Hand and wrist anatomy
3. Medical conditions

1. Repetitive hand and wrist motions:
Engaging in repetitive activities that involve the hand and wrist, such as typing, assembly line work, or playing musical instruments, can contribute to the development of CTS.

2. Hand and wrist anatomy:
Certain anatomical factors can increase the risk of developing carpal tunnel syndrome. For example, having a smaller carpal tunnel, fractures or dislocations of the wrist, or certain types of arthritis can compress the median nerve more easily.

3. Medical conditions:
Certain medical conditions can contribute to the development of carpal tunnel syndrome, including diabetes, thyroid dysfunction, obesity, rheumatoid arthritis, and hormonal changes during pregnancy or menopause.

Symptoms of CTS
The symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome can vary but commonly include:

• Persistent hand and wrist pain that affects your daily activities.
• Numbness or tingling that lasts for an extended period.
• Weakness in the hand or difficulty gripping objects.
• Pain, numbness, and tingling in the hand and fingers, especially the thumb, index finger, middle finger, and half of the ring finger.
• Weakness in the hand and a tendency to drop objects.
• Sensations of pins and needles or an electric shock-like feeling in the hand.
• Discomfort may radiate up the arm or into the shoulder.